Time series of the exchange anomalies calculated with CarbonTracker Europe aggregated over specific ecoregions. The title reflects aggregates (denoted by the regions in brackets) of areas defined in the documentation and are shown on this map. The red line is the final result from CarbonTracker with a 3-month boxcar average applied to remove variations on the shorter timescales. The yellow line is the a-priori estimated anomaly. All units are PgC/yr. This figure includes biological and fire fluxes, no fossil fuels. The labels denote:

Forest:

• Ecosystem 1 (Conifer Forest)
• Ecosystem 2 (Broadleaf Forest: temperate, subtropical drought)
• Ecosystem 3 (Mixed Forest: conifer/broadleaf; so. Boreal)
• Ecosystem 5 (Tropical/subtr. Forest: montane)
• Ecosystem 8 (Field/Woods complex &/or Savanna, tallgrass)
• Ecosystem 10 (Forest/Field; Dry Evergreen broadleaf woods )

Crops:

• Ecosystem 14 (Crop/Settlement (irrigated or not) )

Grass (=Grasses and Shrubs):

• Ecosystem 4 (Grassland +/- Shrub or Tree)
• Ecosystem 6 (Scrub +/- Woodland &/or fields (evergreen/decid.) )
• Ecosystem 13 (Shrub/Tree: succulent/thorn )

Tundra (= Tundra, Taiga, and Steppe):

• Ecosystem 7 (Semidesert shrub/steppe; Tundra (polar, alpine))
• Ecosystem 9 (Northern Boreal Taiga woodland/tundra)
• Ecosystem 16 (Wooded Tundra Margin; Heath/moorland)

The table summarizes average anomalies of the data displayed in the figure. Negative values denote an increase in uptake (or reduction of carbon release) and positive values denote reductions in uptake (or increases in release). The total flux is the sum of the components in the table.